بررسی رابطه تحول دیجیتال و گرایش فناوری با نوآوری مدل کسب‌وکار با در نظر گرفتن نقش تعدیل‌گر شدت رقابتی: مطالعه کارکنان شرکت‌های دولتی استان کرمانشاه

زینب السادات  موسوی; سجاد برومند

Authors

Zeinab Al-Sadat Mousavi M.A., Department of Business Management, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4462-8707
Sajjad Boroumand Department of Economics, Ker.C., Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-7456

Keywords:

Digital Transformation, Technology Orientation, Business Model Innovation, Competitive Intensity

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationships of digital transformation and technology orientation with business model innovation and to determine the moderating role of competitive intensity among employees of government-owned companies in Kermanshah Province.

Methods and Materials: This applied study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional survey design. The statistical population consisted of approximately 1,500 employees and managers of government-owned companies and public organizations in Kermanshah Province who were involved in digital transformation, technological development, or organizational process redesign. Using Cochran’s formula and proportional stratified random sampling, 306 participants were selected. Data were collected using four 15-item questionnaires measuring digital transformation, technology orientation, business model innovation, and competitive intensity on a five-point Likert scale. Content, convergent, and discriminant validity were assessed, and reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha, rho_A, and composite reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS version 4 through partial least squares structural equation modeling.

Findings: Digital transformation had a positive and significant effect on business model innovation (β=0.391, t=6.982, p<0.001). Technology orientation also significantly predicted business model innovation (β=0.314, t=6.038, p<0.001). Competitive intensity had a direct positive effect on business model innovation (β=0.176, t=4.000, p<0.001). The interaction between digital transformation and competitive intensity was significant (β=0.142, t=2.958, p=0.003), as was the interaction between technology orientation and competitive intensity (β=0.119, t=2.587, p=0.010). The model explained 63.8% of the variance in business model innovation. Predictive relevance was 0.402, and the standardized root mean square residual was 0.061.

Conclusion: Digital transformation and technology orientation enhance the capacity of government-owned companies to redesign value creation and service delivery, while competitive intensity strengthens the conversion of digital and technological capabilities into business model innovation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alerasoul, S. A., Afeltra, G., Hakala, H., Minelli, E., & Strozzi, F. (2022). Organisational Learning, Learning Organisation, and Learning Orientation: An Integrative Review and Framework. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100854.

Arman, M., Nematollahi, H., Tangestani, E., & Mousavi, S. A. (2023). The Role of Digital Transformation and Entrepreneurial Leadership in Organizational Performance with the Mediating Role of Ambidextrous Learning: A Case Study of Small Businesses in Bushehr Province. Human Resource Excellence, 4(1), 87-113.

Carrollah, D., Nordin, Z., & Rahman, S. (2023). The Impact of Digital Leadership on Organizational Learning and Performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 44(5), 678-694.

Erhan, T., Uzunbacak, H. H., & Aydin, E. (2022). From Conventional to Digital Leadership: Exploring.

Gheiratmand, M., & Jalali, A. (2024). Identification of Leaders' Competencies in a Digital Transformation Environment. Human Resource Studies, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.22034/jhrs.2024.202934

Karollah, B., Juned, V., & Eliana, N. (2023). The Effect of Relation Between Digital Leadership and Learning Organization on the Individual Performance of SMEs. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(9), e01306.

Khan, H. S., Rehmat, M., Butt, T. H., Farooqi, S., & Asim, J. (2020). Impact of Transformational Leadership on Work Performance, Burnout, and Social Loafing: A Mediation Model. Future Business Journal, 6(1), 1-13.

Khaw, T. Y., Teoh, A. P., Abdul Khalid, S. N., & Letchmunan, S. (2022). The Impact of Digital Leadership on Sustainable Performance: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Management Development, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-03-2022-0070

Majouni, H., & Rahimi, H. (2024). The Relationship Between Digital Leadership and Creative Performance Through the Mediating Role of Teachers' Psychological Empowerment. Research in Educational Systems, 18(64), 35-54.

Mani, Z., Khodadadi, N., Faal, M., & Sadeghi, N. (2023). The Role of Digital Transformation and Entrepreneurial Leadership in Organizational Performance with the Mediating Role of Ambidextrous Learning: A Case Study of Small Businesses in Bushehr Province. Small Business Management Research, 8(4), 88-112.

Niazi, A., & Beiginia, A. (2023). The Effect of Digital Leadership on Organizational Performance with the Mediating Role of Digital Culture and Employees' Digital Capabilities. Sixth International Conference on New Developments in Management, Economics and Accounting, Tehran.

Norouzi, H., Nosratpanah, R., & Barani, S. (2022). The Effect of Digital Leadership on Firm Performance in Dynamic Environments: The Role of Dynamic Capabilities, Business Model Innovation, and Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Business Management, 14(3), 445-474.

Obaidi, M., Zolfaghari Zafarani, R., & Haghighi, M. (2024). Identification and Evaluation of Human Resource Competency Components in the Era of Digital Transformation. Quarterly Journal of Management and Educational Perspective, 6(2), 326-347.

Senadjki, A., Au Yong, H. N., Ganapathy, T., & Ogbeibu, S. (2023). Unlocking the Potential: The Impact of Digital Leadership on Firms' Performance Through Digital Transformation. Journal of Business and Socio-Economic Development, 4(2), 161-182.

Tanniru, M., & Peral, J. (2021). Digital Leadership in Education. In Effective Leadership for Overcoming the Chaos (pp. 73-91). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83982-306-020211008

Troise, C., Jones, P., Candelo, E., & Sorrentino, M. (2026). The role of entrepreneurial alertness, digital platform capability, organisational agility and business model innovation on young innovative companies’ performance. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 38(3), 265-278.

Vuvo, T., Lee, S., & Zhang, R. (2021). Enabling Digital Transformation: Entrepreneurial Leadership, Ambidextrous Learning, and Organizational Performance. Technology in Society, 66, 101635.

Yaghoubi, N., Dehghani, M., & Ahmadi, F. (2020). The Role of Green Organizational Culture in Human Resource Productivity with the Mediating Role of Green Performance Among Nurses of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad. Socio-Cultural Studies of Khorasan, 15(2), 149-178.

Zare, R., & Pashazadeh, Y. (2023). The Effect of Strategic Flexibility and Digital Leadership on Digital Transformation and Exploratory Innovation with the Mediating Role of Digital Entrepreneurial Orientation. Innovation Management in Defense Organizations, 6(4), 99-126.

Zhang, Y., & Hao, S. (2026). Asymmetric effects of digital innovation eco-embeddedness on service innovation: evidence from manufacturing firms. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 1-21.

Zhu, J., Wang, Z., Xu, Z., Xu, Y., & Tao, C. (2025). Impact of digital technology innovation on entrepreneurial activity. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 21(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-024-01053-6

Zou, Y., Kuek, F., Feng, W., & Cheng, X. (2025). Digital Learning in the 21st Century: Trends, Challenges, and Innovations in Technology Integration. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1562391. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1562391